Car construction



- P 3, 1940- J. P. ANDERSON CAR CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Jan. 9, 195"! 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR (BY Sept. 3, 1940. .1. P. ANDERSON I CAR CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Jan. 9, 193-1 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Sept. 3, 1940. J. P. ANDERSON CAR CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Jan. 9, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Q v F ambw INVENTOR Patented Sept. 3, 1940 OAR CONSTRUCTION Substitute for abandoned application Serial No.

119,803, January 9, 1937. This application May 17, 1938, Serial No. 208,445

19 Claims.

The invention hereinafter described pertains in general to dumping vehicles having the body thereof tiitable toward both sides of the vehicle and having the side walls of the body formed of doors hinged adjacent the floor of the body for opening outwardly and downwardly as the body is tilted. The invention pertains specifically to a mechanism for controlling the movements of said doors whilst the body is in normal lading retaining position and whilst dumping to the sides of the vehicle.

Dump vehicles operating on rails or roadway preferably have the body supported upon the vehicle underframe in stable equilibrium without the use of devices for retaining the body in stable equilibrium whilst in normal lading retaining position. One means of accomplishing this object is to provide a plurality of bearing members beneath the floor of the body adjacent the sides thereof and engaging the underframe to support the body, the body preferably turning on said bearings adjacent the side of the vehicle underframe towards which the lading is being discharged.

As the side walls of the body are formed of doors hinged adjacent the floor thereof so as to discharge lading away from the sides of the vehicle it is necessary to provide some means for retaining the doors in closed position whilst the body is in normal lading retaining position, for preventing simultaneous opening of the doors on opposite sides of the body whilst the body is tilting to one side of the underframe, and to provide some means for controlling the opening and closing movements of the lading discharging door during the dumping and righting movements of the body. These functions of controlling the doors during all positions of the body are preferably performed by the door controlling mech-- anisms which preferably lock the doors in closed position whilst the body is in upright or normal position and automatically and selectively control the opening and closing of the discharging door with the tilting of the body whilst retaining the inactive door in closed position.

These door controlling mechanisms are usually of two types, one type positively moves the door to open position with the tilting of the body and positively moves the door to closed position when the body is righted. The other type releases the door for opening by gravity or weight of lading as the body is tilted and forcibly returns the opened door to closed position when the body is righted. The advantage in this latter type of mechanism lies in the protection aiforded the vehicle, and particularly the door controlling and body tilting mechanisms in such cases where upon the tilting of the body the door is prevented from opening. The usual causes of non-opening of the door are adherence of the lading to the door and the door striking an obstruction during some portion of the tilting of the body so that the door may not continue its opening movements. With this latter type of door controlling mechanism which provides for the door opening solely under the forces of gravity or the weight of lading within the body the door, after partially opening and striking an obstruction, may move towards closed position without injury to the door controlling mechanism and enable the operator to arrest the tilting movements of the body before injury is caused to the door, the body or the body tilting mechanism.

The body tilting mechanisms are well-known in the art, some of which are mounted upon the vehicle underframe, some upon the vehicle body, and some are disposed outwardly of the vehicle. Any suitable form of tilting mechanism may be used with the present invention and forms no part thereof.

One object of the present invention is to provide a door controlling mechanism for the doors of a vehicle of the character described, which mechanism will retain the doors in closed position whilst the body is in normal position, release the descending door for opening by gravity and weight of lading when the body is tilted, and retain the inactive or rising door in closed position during the tilting and righting movements of the body.

Another object of the invention is to provide a door controlling mechanism of the character hereinafter described with means whereby the door, upon partially opening with the tilting of the body and after striking an obstruction, can be moved to closed position independently of movement of the tilting body.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the character described which utilizes the weight of the body and the relative movements between the body and vehicle underframe to retain the doors in closed position whilst the body is in normal lading retaining position, which selectively releases the descending door for opening, and positively returns the opened door to closed position as the body isrighted.

A further object of the invention is to provide a door controlling mechanism of the character hereinafter described which will permit limited relative movement between the body and under frame such as are incident to normal operation of the vehicle without releasing the doors from their closed position whilst the body is in normal lading retaining position.

During normal dumping operations the body is oftentimes subjected to shocks which sometimes release the locking mechanisms for the inactive door, particularly where no positive locking movement has been imparted to the mechanism controlling these doors and it is an object of the present invention to provide a door controlling mechanism for the inactive doors which utilizes relative movement between the vehicle body and underframe to impart a positive locking movement to the mechanisms controlling said inactive doors during the tilting movements of the vehicle body, and to provide means for releasing said mechanisms from said locked position and returning same to normal position as the body is righted and returns to normal lading retaining position.

This application is a substitute for former application, Serial No, 119,803, filed January 9, 1937.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification, Fig. 1 is a transverse section through a railroad dump car equipped with the invention showing the relation between the car body and door controlling mechanisms when the body is in normal lading retaining position; Fig. 2 is a transverse section through a railroad dump car showing the body in fully tilted position, the relation between the door controlling mechanism for the opened door and having the door controlling mechanism secured to the inactive door moved to fully locked position; Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 33 of Fig. 2; Figs. 4 and 5 are enlarged views showing details of construction;'

Fig. 6 is a section through the car showing a modification of the invention; Fig. '7 is a section on line l-'I of Fig. 6 and 8 is a section through the car of Fig. 6 with the body in fully tilted position; Figs. 9 to 14 show details of the modification of the invention.

Referring now in detail to Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive of the drawings wherein like reference characters refer to like parts, reference character I indicates the body tiltably mounted upon an underframe comprising a center sill structure 2 extending longitudinally of the vehicle beneath the body and provided with a plurality of laterally disposed members 3 secured on opposite sides of the center sill structure and spaced longitudinally thereof. Disposed upon the upper face of some of the members 3 and adjacent the outer edges thereof are suitably formed bearing surfaces 4 supporting the body innormal lading retaining position and spaced outwardly of the surfaces 4 are suitably formed bearing surfaces 5 upon which the body turns in dumping. Beneath opposite ends of the center sill structure are suitably formed trucks indicated generally by the reference character 40.

The vehicle body i may be of any suitable construction and is illustrated in the drawings as comprising a plurality of members 6 disposed ransversely of the underframe and spaced longitudinally thereof, members i secured to opposite ends of the members 6, and longitudinally disposed side sill members 8 disposed at opposite ides of the body and secured to the members I, the members 6, i and 8 being connected by suitable floor sheets 9. The end walls of the body are preferably rigid and the side walls of the body are formed of doors H having stakes l3 spaced longitudinally thereof and hinged adjacent the floor of the body upon pins l journaled in the member 1, each door stake l3 being preferably provided with downwardly extending portion l2 to which the door controlling mechanism is connected. Disposed beneath the body adjacent opposite sides thereof are suitably formed bearings l4 having portions engaging the bearing surfaces 4 of the underframe to support the body in normal lading retaining position and provided with outwardly spaced suitably formed portions adapted to engage the bearing surfaces of the underframe and upon which the body turns in dumping to opposite sides of the vehicle. Disposed beneath the floor of the body on opposite sides of the longitudinal medial line thereof are door controlling mechanisms,a plurality of which are connected to each door and spaced longitudinally of the body. ed on the body and connected to the adjacent door and to the underframe at the center sill structure 2.

Each door controlling mechanism comprises a link and crank connection between the door stake extension I2 and the adjacent side of the body and a link and crank connection between said adjacent side of the body and the underframe. The link and crank connection between the door and body comprises a crank such as 15 pivotally mounted by means of the pin I6 upon a suitable depending portion such as I! of the body, a link l9 preferably having a threaded extension portion 20 pivotallymounted upon the door stake extension 12 by means of the pin 2|, and a pivotal connection. between the link and crank by means of the pin l8. The center line of the pin 58 is on or slightly above a line drawn through the centers of pins l6 and 2! so that the crank would tend to crop downwardly and for this reason some suitable means such as a member 34 mounted on the underframe must be provided to retain the crank IS in normal position as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The link I9 has its inner end extended beyond the pin l8 to adjacent the pin l6 mounting the crank l5 to the body for a purpose hereinafter described. By reason of this extension of the link IS the crank I5 is preferably formed of two parts, li and I5, and the extension of the inner end of the link 19 moves between the arms I5 and l5 of the lever IS. The link and crank connection between the side of the body and the underframe comprises a crank 22 having a suitably apertured portion disposed between the arms I5 and [5 of the crank l5 and. mounted on the pin [6, the opposite end of the crank 22 being bifurcated and having arms 22 and 22 In order to limit the relative pivotal movement between the cranks l5 and 22 upon the common pin IS, the arms of the crank [5 are provided with suitable inwardly disposed extensions 24. Pivotally mounted on the free ends of the arms 22 and 22 are links 25 connected to the said arms by means of pins 23, the free ends of the links 25 being disposed on opposite sides of the portion 21 of the center sill structure 2 and secured thereto by means of the pin 26. The door controlling mechanisms on opposite sides of the longitudinal medial line of the underframe are duplicates and it is to be understood that describing the door controlling mechanism for the doors at one side of the body will sufi'ice for a description of the mechanism for both doors.

Mbunted on the body beneath the floor thereof and adjacent the outer end of the member l9 l5 under normal conditions These mechanisms are mountis a stirrup member 35 passing beneath and upon each side of the member I9 for a purpose hereinafter to be described.

Adjacent each door inwardly of its hinge I0 is a suitably formed stop 33 on the body for a purpose hereinafter to be described.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, it will be observed that with the body in normal lading retaining position, the link and crank connection 25-53 between each door and the body would tend to break upwardly upon an opening movement of the door and is restrained from doing so by the link and crank connection 22-25 between the body and underframe. Likewise, the link and crank connection I5-I9 is restrained by means of the stop 34 on the underframe from dropping downward and thus releasing its associated door. By elongating transversely of the underframe the aperture in the member 21 receiving the pin 25 mounting the members 25 upon the underframe it will be obvious that the slight rocking movements of the body relative to the underframe during normal operation of the vehicle will not release the doors for opening.

When the body is tilted for dumping, as for illustration, about the right side of the body, as in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the body pivots on the body bearing It supported in the underframe bearing 5 and the forces of gravity plus the weight of any lading in the body tends to rotate the door I i at the right side of the body outwardly and downwardly upon its hinge pin l9. At the left side of the body the link 25 during the initial tilting of the body rotates its attached crank 22 and associated crank 24 downwardly until the link I9 connected to the crank 15 engages the stirrup 35. Just prior to this engagement between the link i9 and stirrup 35, the crank 25 has reached a horizontal position and thereafter with the continued rotation of the body rotates the crank 22 away from the crank I5, leaving the door at the left side of the body locked in closed position by the toggle formed by the link l9 and crank I5. Continued rotation of the crank 22 brings the extension 22 thereof above the inner end of the link I9 as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, thereby preventing the toggle look at the left side of the body from breaking upwardly and the stirrup 35 prevents the toggle look from breaking downwardly. The door on the left or rising side of the body is securely locked in closed position and the locking means cannot be accidentally released by any shocks imparted to the body during the dumping and righting movements of the body.

Returning now to the right side'of the body wherein as described, the descending door tends to open by the forces of gravity and weight of any contained lading in the body, it will be observed that any rotation of the body tends to correspondingly rotate the crank 22 inwardly of the underframe by reason of the attachment of the crank 22 to the underframe portion 2'? by means of the link This inward rotation of the crank 22 releases the crank l 5 for rotation'inwardly of the vehicle underframe and permits the door to open. Obviously, the rate of permissive opening is regulated by the rate at which the crank 22 rotates inwardly of the underframe until the extension 52 of the door stake I3 engages the stop 33 on the body and thereafter prevents further opening of the door. This engagement of the stop 33 and door portion i2 occurs when the door has opened to a position at or below the plane of the floor of the body. Obviously, any further tilting of the body will merely move the crank 22 away from the crank I5 without corresponding movement of the crank I5. Likewise, it will be obvious that had the door for any reason failed to open during the foregoing described tilting of the body, the crank I5 and link I9 would have remained in the same position relative to the body they occupied when the body was in normal lading retaining position and would have done so without interfering with the movement of the crank 22, thus preventing any damage to the door, the body or the mechanism by reason of the failure of the door to open. Again referring to the door at the right side of the body, it will be obvious that during any position of the door from fully closed to fully opened, the door could have been returned to fully closed position without interfering with the tilting movement of the body or changing the mode of operation of any portion of the door mechanism excepting that of the attached link I9 and crank I5, thus the door upon striking an obstruction, could have returned to closed position without injury to any other portion of the car.

Referring again to Fig. 2 of the drawings where the body is shown in fully tilted position and the door in fully opened position, it is believed obvious that as the body is returned to normal lading position shown in Fig. 1, the mechanism associated with the door on the right side of the body will reverse the movements just described, that is, upon return of the body the link 25 will rotate the crank 25 toward its associated door until crank 22 engages crank I5 and thereafter both cranks will rotate towards their associated door and the crank i5 acting through link I9 will return the door to fully closed position. It is believed likewise obvious that on the left side of the body the reverse of the previously described movements will occur and the crank I5 moving downwardlywill engage the stop 34 on the underframe breaking the toggle lock and returning the mechanism on the left side of the body to normal position as the body returns to normal position upon the underframe.

As the mechanisms on opposite sides of the underframe are substantially duplicates it will be understood that when the body is tilted towards the-left side of the underframe the mechanisms attached to the descending and rising doors will move in the same manner as previously described.

Referring now to Figs. 7 to 13 inclusive ofv the drawings wherein a modification of the inven ton is shown, reference character I02 indicates an underframe center sill structure having a plurality of laterally disposed members I63 secured at each side of the center sill structure and spaced longitudinally thereof. of the members B93 are bearing surfaces I94 supporting the body in normal position and spaced outwardly thereof are bearing surfaces I upon which the body turns throughout the major portion of the dumping movement. The bearing surfaces EM and 95 in addition to providing a support for the body, also support the locking means of the door controlling mechanism as will hereinafter be set forth and in such cases where the members H33 support both the body and door locking means the bearing surfaces I94 and I05 must be made of sufficient width to accommodate both.

The car body comprises a plurality of transverse members IOB having extension plates I 01 at each end thereof and joined by a longitudinally extending angular member I08 at each side At the upper face of the body. These members I05, I01 and I08 are joined by a floor plate I to form the floor of the body. In some cases it is desirable to use a double plate fioor with wood fillers between the I plates. In such latter cases the plate I09 is supported upon the members I06, wood planks are placed upon the plate I00 and a second floor plate 35 is disposed above the Wood planks. In the drawings, plate I09 is disposed between k plates I09 and W3 connected thereto and to plates I8! and members I08. t is obvious, however, that either plate I09 and I09 or plates I09 and I09", can be made in one piece. Mounted on hinge pins H0 journaled in plates I01 are doors III forming the side walls of the body and extending downward from eachdoor are extensions 2-,. preferably formed integrally with the door stakes H3. The body is supported on bearings (not shown) which are preferably the same as those shown and indicated by reference character I I in Figs. 1 and 2. Such bearings engage the underframe bearing surfaces I04 to support the body in normal position and engage bearing surfaces I05 of the underframe as the body tilts.

Each door III has a plurality of door controlling mechanisms connected therewith and to the center sill structure. Each door controlling mechanism comprises a crank H5 journaled on pin HG supported between plates II'I connected to adjacent body members I06. Said crank H5 is bifurcated and has a pin II8 journaled in the arms of the bifurcated member. A link I19 has one end connected to the crank II5 by means of the pin H8 and the other end pivotally connected to the door extension III" by means of the link I28 and pin I2I. A second crank I22 is journaled on pin H6 between the arms of crank II5 and is restricted in pivotal movement in one direction relative to crank II5 by the oppositely disposed ledges I23-on the arms of crank H5. The free end of crank I 22 is connected to link I25 by means of pin I24 and the link I25 is in turn pivotally connected by means of pin I25 to bracket I2I which is mountr ed upon the center sill structure.

It will be obvious from an inspection of the drawings that each mechanism on each side of the car is similar to that just described. In order to place the cranks I22 on opposite sides of th car in the same transverse vertical plane, the link I25 on the left side of the car has been made as a single member and the link I25 on the right side of the car is a double member and embraces the link I25 on the pin I26 connecting the oppositely disposed link to the bracket IZ'I. The door controlling mechanism so far described is substantially the same as both forms of the invention previously described except that the link I25 connecting the opposite door mechanism to the center sill structure are in a substantially straight line across the car when the body is in normal position. The purpose of changing the disposition of the link I25 is to accommodate a locking mechanism different from the toggle lock previously described for holding the door on the rising side of the body closed.

The locking mechanism for this modification of the invention, as shown by Figs '7 and 8 of the drawings, comprises an assembly of bell crank I28, link I29 and crank I30. One assembly of locking mechanism is placed on each side of the opposite door mechanism connected to the common pin I25 of bracket I2'I. The bell crank I28 is mounted on the pin II6 adjacent the side of the car opposite the door controlled thereby and comprises arms I28 and I28 The arm I28 is disposed toward the adjacent side of the car, with suitable shaped portions for engaging the'adjacent bearing surfaces I04 and I05 of the adjacent underframe members I03. The arm I28 is upwardly disposed and extends above the center sill structure I02. On the opposite side of the car and adjacent the door controlled thereby, crank I30 is mounted on pin H8 and has a portion I 30 engaging stop II5. Bell crank I28 and crank I30 are connected by link I29, whereby bell crank arm I28 engaging with the underframe actuates crank I30 to prevent rotation of crank H5 and retains the door on the rising side closed as the body moves in dumping. In order to retain link IIS and crank H5 in operable position as shown by Fig. 6 of the drawings it is necessary .to have some means for preventing downward rotation of these members. Such a means may be the stop I3I and I32 on link H9 and crank H5, a stirrup as shown in Fig. 3, or stop 34 of Fig. 2 of the drawings. It will be readily apparent from an inspection of the drawings that cranks H5 and I30 may be made as a unit if so desired.

Referring now to Figs. 6 and 8 of the drawings, as thebody-moves from the position shown in Fig. '7 to that shown in Fig. 9, door M3 on the right side of the body opens by gravity and weight of the lading as the body is tilted. This opening movement causes link H0 attached thereto to actuate crank II5 in a counterclockwise direction and movement of the body away from bracket I21 causes link I25 to rotate crank I22 in a counterclockwise direction, freeing the adjacent crank II5 for rotation. Obviously the rate of rotation of crank I 22 and consequently H5, is regulated by the rate of tilting of the body so that the rate of opening of the door is controlled'by the tilting of the body. On the rising side or left side of the body, the door H3 is held locked in closed positition by crank I30, preventing clockwise rotation of crank II5 attached to the rising door, said crank I30 being held in engagement with crank M5 by the bell crank I28 on the descending side of the body engaging the body supporting surfaces I04 and I05 as shown in Fig. 8. From this it will be obvious that movement of the left side of the body away from the underframe releases bell crank I 28 on that side of the body for counter clockwise movement so as to permit similar movement in crank II5 associated with the door on the descending side of the body.

When the body is returned to normal position, the downward movement of the body places lever I25 in compression, causing same to rotate associated cranks I22 and H5 in a clockwise direction. These latter cranks acting upon link I I 9 associated therewith, rotates the opened door into closed position as the body assumes a normal position relative to the underframe. It will be observed that as the left side of the body of Fig. 8 approaches the underframe, the arm I2 8a engages the underframe and is rotated in a clockwise direction into the position shown in Fig. 6. It will be obvious that as the body is tilted and righted about the left side of the underframe, the same operations of the door mechanism will take place, excepting that the door mechanism on the left side of the body will be actuated and the mechanism on the right side of the body will be maintained in fixed relation to the body. In the drawings forming part ofthis specification, the body has been shown in dot and dash claims.

ings, link E28 has been shown as a rigid member,

but it to be understood that adjustment may be provided in this member in the same manner as in link 59 to take up wear on the pins it. Many other obvious changes or modifications in the particular details of construction of the individual members of the door mechanism will suggest them elves to those skilled in the art and it is to be understood the invention is not limited to the particular details of construction illustrated except as necessitated by the scope of the Having thus described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

17 In a dump vehicle, an underfra-me, a body sup ztorfcd thereon and tiltable selectively to each side thereof. doors forming the side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, an arm on said door depending below said hinge connection, a shaft on the body beneath the ,,,.:of adjacent each door, a crank journaled on said shaft, a link connection between said crank and door arm, a second crank on said shaft, a connection between said cranks limiting relative movement between said cranks in one di recticn, a link pivotally connecting said second crank and the underframe at the longitudinal medial line thereof, said link connected to the underframe being actuated by movementof the body relative to the underframe and acting ough cranks, door arm and connecting link to return the door from opened to closed position and means associated with each mechanism for retaining the crank and link connection between the door and body in position to hold the attached door closed when the body is in normal position and when tilting about the opposite side of the underframe.

2. In a dump car, in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon for tilting selectively about each side thereof, doors forming side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, a shaft journaled on the body at each side of the underframe, a crank on each said shaft, a link connection between each said crank and the adjacent door, a second crank on each shaft, a link connection between each latter crank and the underframe, means limiting relative pivotal movement between adjacent cranks on each shaft, a bell crank on each shaft, one arm of said bell crank extending toward the adjacent door and engaging the underframe when the adjacent side of the body is in engagement with the underframe, the other arm of the bell crank having a link connection with the first named crank on the opposite side of the car body.

3. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon for tilting to one side thereof, a door forming a side wall of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, a crank pivoted to the body adjacent said door inwardly of the tilting axis and below the plane of the floor of said body, a link connection between said crank and door, a second crank mounted on said shaft for pivotal movement relative to said first named crank, means limiting pivotal movement of said second crank relative to said first crank and in a direction toward said door, and a link pivotally mounted on said second crank and connected to, the mid-portion of the underframe.

"4. In a dump vehicle, an underframe, a body tiltable about opposite'sides thereof, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, a crank pivoted to the body adjacent each door, a link connection be tween each crank and said door, said crank and attached link being normally in position to rotate relative to the body upon opening of the attached door, a second crank on the body adjacent each I door and a link connection between said latter crank and the underframe adjacentthe mid-portion thereof to control movements of thecrank and link connected to the door, said latter cranks being actuated by relative movement between.

body and underfrarne to move the crank and link attached to the rising door into locked position and release the crank and link attached to the descending door to permit same to open as v the body tilts toward a side of the underframe;

5. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon in stable equil-- tion to the crank to a position adjacent said shaft, a second crank pivotally mounted on each shaft having portions thereof engaging the adjacent first-named crank, and a portion depending below'said shaft to form an abutment, a link pivotally connecting each said second-named crank to the mid-portion of the underframe in a horizontal plane above said shafts, means on said body adjacent each door limiting the downward movement of the link connected to the adjacent door, said links pivotally connected to the underframe and to the cranks adjacent the descending door rotating their associated cranks inwardly of the body during movement of the body out-of upright position, said' links associated with the mechanisms on the rising side of.

the body rotating in adownwardly direction the associated crank and link'connection between the adjacent door and body, and thereafter rotating its associated crank to position the abutment thereon above the inner end of the door link to prevent upward rotation of the door link whilst the body is in tilted position, v

6. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon in stable equilibrium when in normal position and tiltable about opposite sides of the underframe in,

dumping, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floorthereoi for opening outwardly to discharge lading as the body is tilted, each of said doors opening solely by the forces of gravity and the weight of lading during the tilting of the body, a crank and link connection between each door and the adjacent side of the body, said crank being pivotally mounted on the body and rotating inwardly thereof as the door opens, means pivotally mounted on the body adjacent each crank for engagement therewith to maintain the crank in position to retain its respective door closed when the body is in stable equilibrium and moving inwardly of the body away from said crank to release the associated door for opening as the body tilts about the adjacent side of the underframe,

cache]? said means having a link connection with the mid-portion of'the underframe for actuating said means through relative movement between the body and underframe, said link connected to a the means associated with the rising side of the body actuating said means during the dumping ofthe body to move the associated crank and link connection into a position to retain the door controlled thereby in closed position whilst the adjacent'side of the body is out. of engagement with the underframe, and means mounted on the underframe for engaging with said crank and link connection when the body is returned to normal position to return said crank. and link connection to normal position.

7. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body, laterally spaced bearings on said body engaging said underframe to maintain the body in stable equilibrium when in upright position, doors forming opposite side wallsof said body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, an

arm on each door depending below the hinge connection, a crank on said body adjacent each door and link connected to the adjacent door arm, a'second crank mounted on the body adjacent each door and link connected to the midportion of the underframe, said cranks engaging to maintain the respective doors in closed position whilst the body is upright, disengaging to release the door for opening whilst tilting about the adjacent side of the underframe, and re-engaging to return the door to closed position as the body is righted, and means pivotally mounted 5 on opposite sides of the medial line through the body and link connected for controlling each pair of cranks associated with each door, each said means having a portion engaging the underframe opposite the door controlled thereby for maintaining its associated cranks in fixed position relative to the body to retain the door controlled thereby in closed position whilst the body is tilting about the side of the underframe opposite said door.

8. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon in stable equilibrium;upon laterally spaced bearings engaging the underframe adjacent the sides thereof and on which the body turns in dumping, doors forming oppositeside walls of the body and 'hinged adjacent the floor thereof, mechanisms for each door pivotally mounted on the body adjacent'the door controlled thereby and moving with the body relative to the underframe as the body moves in dumping about either side of the underframe, each said mechanism having a link connection to the midportion of the underframe for controlling the mechanism as the body tilts about the adjacent side of the underframe, and each said mechanism having a link connection to a member pivotally mounted on the opposite side of the body and engaging the underframe Whilst the said opposite side of the body is tilting about the adjacent side of the underframe to maintain the door on the rising side of the body closed during the tilting and righting of the body.

9. In a dump vehicle, the combination of an underframe, a body, laterally spaced bearings on the body engaging the underframe to support the body in stable equilibrium whilst in normal position and about whichthe' body selectively moves in tilting to opposite sides of the underframe, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof for opening outwardly solely by gravity and the body is tilted and righted about its adjacent tilting axis, each said mechanism being link connected to a member pivotally mounted on the opposite side of the body for controlling said mechanism whilst the said opposite side of the body engages with the underframe.

10. In a dump vehicle, the combination of an underframe, a body supported thereon for tilting about opposite sides thereof, doors forming opposite sides walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, a plurality of automatic mechanisms mounted on the body adjacent each door for limiting the opening and forcing the closing of the respective door as the body moves in dumping about the adjacent side of the underframe, each said mechanism including a shaft mounted on the body below the plane of the floor thereof, a crank on said shaft, a link connecting said crank to the adjacent door, said crank rotating inwardly of the body as its respective door opens when the body is tilted and actuated solely by the opening movement of the door, a second crank on said shaft and link connected to the mid-portion of the underframe for rotating inwardly of the body when the body tilts in clumping to either side of the underframe, means on said cranks for engagement when the body is in upright position to maintain the associated door in closed position, a bell crank on said shaft having one arm thereof engaging with the adjacent side of the-underframe whilst the adjacent side of the body is in engagement with the underframe and having a link connection to a member mounted on the shaft on the opposite side of the body, said members. engaging with the crank connected to the adjacent door and moving relative to said crank under control of the bell crank on the opposite'side of the body.

11. In a dump vehicle including an underframe and a body tiltably mounted thereon and provided with doors forming the opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, the combination therewith of a door controlling mechanism connected to each door and mounted on the body adjacent the door controlled thereby for movement with the body and relative to the underframewhilst the adjacent side of the body is out of engagement with the underframe, each said mechanism including a maintaining the mechanism in fixed position relative to 'the body Whilst the body is tilting about the opposite side of the underframe.

12. In a dumping vehicle including an underframe and a tiltably mounted body having doors forming the opposite sides thereof and hinged adjacent the'floor of the body, the combination therewith of a door controlling mechanism for each door mounted on the body adjacent the door controlled thereby for movement with the body and relative to the underframe whilst the adjacent side of the body is out of engagement with the underframe, each said mechanism including a crank and link connection between the body and adjacent portions of the door and underframe for controlling the opening and closing of the door whilst the body tilts about the adjacent side ofthe underframe, and a crank and link connection between the opposite side of the body and the mechanism for maintaining the mechanism in fixed position relative to the body whilst the body is tilting about said opposite side of the underframe, said crank and link connection between each mechanism and the underframe including a lost motion connection permitting the associated door during opening to be stopped or moved to closed position upon the door striking an obstruction during the dumping of the body and preventing further opening movement of the door.

13. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon in stable equilibrium upon laterally spaced bearings engaging the underframe adjacent the opposite sides thereof and on which the body turns in dumping, doors forming opposite side walls of the the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, mechanisms for each door pivotally mounted on the body adjacent the door controlled thereby and moving with the body relative to the underframe as the body moves in dumping about either side of the underframe, each said mechanism including a link connection to the mid portion of the underframe for controlling the mechanism as the body tilts about the adjacent side of the underframe and each mechanism having a link connection to a member pivotally mounted on the opposite side of the body and engaging the underframe whilst the said opposite side of the body is tilting about its adjacent side of the underframe to maintain the door on the rising side of the body closed during the tilting and righting movements of the body, each said mechanism having means included in the link connection thereof to the mid portion of the underframe adapting the link for movement relative to the body independently of a non-opening of the associated door whilst the body is tilting about the side of the underframe adjacent said associated door.

14. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon in stable equilibrium and tilting about opposite sides thereof in dumping, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof for opening solely under the forces of gravity and the weight of lading as the body is tilted, an arm depending from each door below the hinge connection, a crank pivotally mounted on the body adjacent each door arm and link connected to the adjacent door arm, means on said underframe engagingeach crank to maintain the door in closed position when the body a straight line drawn through the connections thereof to the door and body respectively when the body is in normal position, means on the body adjacent each link and out of engagement therewith when the body is in normal position for supporting the joint between the link and crank below a line drawn through the connections thereof to the door and body respectively to retain the door in closed position when the body is out of normal position in tilting toward the opposite side of the underframe, means including a crank and link connection between the body and the mid portion 01" the underframe for controlling the crank and link connection between each door arm and the body to retain its respective doorclosed when the body is in normal position, each said crank and link connection between the body and underframe rotating the crank thereof outwardly and then inwardly of the body whilst the body is moved out of normal position in dumping toward the opposite side oi the underframe and rotating its said crank in the opposite direction when the body is returned to normal position.

15. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon and tilting to opposite sides thereof, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, said doors normally opening of their own weight when the body is in upright position, door controlling mechanisms mounted upon the body adjacent each door and link connected thereto for retaining the doors in closed position when the body is upright and controlling movements thereof when the body is tilted, each said mechanism having a portion thereof pivotally connected to the underframe adjacent the midportion thereof for effecting actuation of each mechanism as the body tilts to either side in dumping, each said latter connection including a rigid link whereby the mechanism on the rising side of the body is forcibly moved to position the link connection between the mechanism and door to lock the door on the rising side of the body in closed position whilst the adjacent side of the body is out of engagement with the underframe, and means mounted on the underframe for moving said mechanism out of locked position as the body returns to normal position and engagement with the underframe.

16. In a dump vehicle of the character described, in combination, underframe, a tiltable body having laterally spaced bearing engagements with said underframe for retaining the body in stable equilibrium when in normal lading retaining position and about which the body selectively turns in dumping, side doors forming opposite side walls of the body and opening outwardly and downwardly to discharge lading, a door operating mechanism connecting each door to an adjacent portion of the body and to the mid portion of the underframe for movement relative to the body under control of the body during any movement of the body out of stable equilibrium, each mechanism including a link and crank connection between each door and body, a link and crank connection between the body and underframe, and means providing selective engagement between adjacent cranks.

17. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon for selective tilting about opposite sides thereof, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, a crank and link connection between each door and the adjacent side of the body for controlling movement of the associated door, means pivotally connected with. the body adjacent each said crank and to the underframe for controlling movement of said crank when the body tilts about the adjacent side of the underframe, a stop on the body adjacent each door limiting downward rotation of the associated link to retain the door in closed position when the adjacent side of the. body is out of engagement with the underframe, the adjacent means connecting the body and underframle moving said door link into engagement with said stop during the latter movement of the body.

18. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon and tiltable to opposite sides thereof, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the 5f; floor thereof, mechanisms p-ivotally mounted on the body adjacent each door for controlling operation of the doors, each said mechanism having a portion thereof pivotally connected. to the underframe adjacent the mid portion thereof for 1'0? effecting actuation of each mechanism as the body tilts to either side in dumping, each said connection including a rigid link whereby the mechanism on the rising side of the body is forcibly moved into position to lock the door on IS? the rising side of the body in closed position whilst the adjacent side of the body is out of engagement with the underframe, and means mounted on the underframe for moving said mechanism out of locked position during return 20? of the adjacent side of the body to normal position and engagement with the underframe.

19. In a dump vehicle, in combination, an underframe, a body tiltable selectively about opposite sides of the underframe, doors forming the opposite side Walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, a crank pivoted to the body adjacent each door, a link connection between each crank and the adjacent door and maintained in compression when the body is in normal position relative to the underframe, a stop limiting downward rotation of the door link when the adjacent side of the body is out of engagement with the underframe, a link pivoted to the underframe and operably connected with each said crank, said links being actuated by the position of the body relative to the underframe to prevent rotation of each said crank and release of the associated door for opening when the body is in normal position, to impart a downward thrust on the associated crank when the body tilts toward the opposite side of the underframe, and to release the associated crank for rotation to permit opening of the associated door when the body is tilted for dumping about the adjacent side of the underframe.

JOHN P. ANDERSON. 

